有害气体检测传感器技术进展
陈涛1，周婕妤2，沈亚芹1，王灵燕1，周夏英1
1.无锡市检验检测认证研究院，江苏无锡 214101； 2.江南大学生物工程学院，江苏无锡 214122
Advances of gas sensors in hazardous gases detection
CHEN Tao1, ZHOU Jieyu2, SHEN Yaqin1, WANG Lingyan1, ZHOU Xiaying1
1. Wuxi Institute of Inspection Testing and Certification, Wuxi 214101, China; 2. School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
摘要：介绍有害气体检测传感器研究进展。气体检测传感器主要有催化燃烧式传感器、热导式传感器、电化学传感器、红外传感器、金属氧化物半导体传感器、碳纳米管传感器等，基于气体传感器的检测原理，综述了常用气体检测器的应用范围和局限性。催化燃烧式传感器可以灵敏地检测爆炸下限以下可燃气体的浓度，但需注意防止其暴露于高浓度气体环境中；热导式传感器无需氧气供应，适用于检测热导率比空气高的低相对分子质量气体；电化学传感器对检测环境的温度、湿度变化敏感，适用于检测具有电化学活性的气体；红外传感器无需定期校准，适用于检测腐蚀性和反应性气体，但无法检测单质气体；金属氧化物半导体传感器可在高温环境下工作，并能灵敏地检测浓度为10-9 mol/mol的气体；碳纳米管传感器只能用于检测强氧化还原性气体，通过对碳纳米管材料进行修饰改造可扩展其应用范围。最后对气体检测传感器的发展进行了展望。
Abstract：Advances of gas sensors in hazardous gases detection were introduced. Gas detection sensors mainly include catalytic sensors, thermal conductivity sensors, electrochemical sensors, infrared sensors, metal oxide semiconductors sensors, carbon nanotubes sensors, etc. Based on the detection principle of gas sensors, the application range and limitations of common gas detectors were reviewed. The catalytic sensor can sensitively detect combustible gases below the lower explosive limit, but need to avoid exposing in high-concentration combustible gases. The thermal conductivity gas sensors do not require oxygen for its operation, which is suitable for detecting low molecular weight gases with higher thermal conductivity than air. The electrochemical sensor is sensitive to the change of temperature and humidity in the detection environment, which is suitable for detecting gases with electrochemical activity. The infrared gas sensors do not require periodic calibration, which is suitable for detecting corrosive and reactive gases except for gas consisting of same atoms. Metal oxide semiconductor sensor can work in high temperature environment and it can sensitively detect gas with concentration of 10-9 mol/mol. Carbon nanotube gas sensors can only be used to detect strong redox gases, but their application range can be expanded by material modi fications. Finally, the development of gas detection sensors is prospected.
关键词：气体分析；传感器；研究进展
Keywords：catharometry; sensor; research progress[1]
本文引用格式：
陈涛，周婕妤，沈亚芹，等.有害气体检测传感器技术进展[J].化学分析计量，2022，31(7)：90.
CHEN Tao，ZHOU Jieyu，SHEN Yaqin，et al. Advances of gas sensors in hazardous gases detection[J]. Chemical Analysis and Meterage，2022，31(7)：90.
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